The effect of dental pulp stem cells and L-PRF when placed into the extraction sockets of impacted mandibular third molars on the periodontal status of adjacent second molars: a split-mouth, randomized, controlled clinical trial.

PURPOSE: To compare the clinical and radiographic effectiveness of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) seeded onto L-PRF and L-PRF alone in the extraction socket of mandibular third molars. METHODS: This study analyzed 13 patients who required surgical removal of impacted bilateral mandibular third molars. The main outcome measures were the probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment levels (CAL) that were recorded for the adjacent second molars (LM2) at the baseline and 6 months after surgery. The secondary outcomes were radiographic vertical bone loss (VD) and relative bone density (rBD) distal to the LM2. RESULTS: Twenty-six LM2s were evaluated. After 6 months, the L-PRF and L-PRF + DPSC groups showed a significant reduction in PPD (1.65 ± 1.01 mm and 1.54 ± 0.78 mm) and CAL (2.23 ± 1.45 mm and 2.12 ± 0.74 mm), respectively. There was no difference between the groups for any periodontal parameters. No significant differences were found between the groups regarding the VD or rBD at the sixth month. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that there was a significant improvement regarding the PPD, CAL, and VD measurements with the application of L-PRF, both alone and with the addition of DPSC, at the extraction socket. DPSC did not significantly contribute to the results compared to L-PRF therapy alone. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered on 23 December 2020 on ClinicalTrials.gov under the number NCT04641533.

A retrospective analysis of benign paediatric jaw lesions according to new World Health Organization classification.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the benign paediatric jaw lesions based on the 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Demographic data, symptoms, radiographic findings, location, size, histopathologic diagnosis, treatment modalities, and outcomes were analysed retrospectively. Recurrence incidence, time to recur, and follow-up time were also evaluated. One hundred seven lesions were diagnosed in 100 patients (44 female, 56 male). The mean follow-up time was 56.6 ± 45.7 months. The mean age was 12. 9 ± 3.9 years and the majority of lesions were found in the permanent dentition group (p = 0.045). There were 73 patients with odontogenic cysts, followed by 16 patients with odontogenic tumors, and 11 patients with non-odontogenic tumors. Eighty seven lesions (81%) were radiolucent and 93 lesions (86%) were well-circumscribed. The majority of the patients (n = 96) were treated by enucleation. Recurrence was seen in 3 patients. The most notable difference between the results of the present study and the results of the study conducted in medical institutions was the distributions of jaw lesions. Within the limitations of the study it seems that a conservative treatment of benign jaw lesions should be preferred in the paediatric population because this treatment yields acceptable results.

The efficiency of propranolol on occurrence and development of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in rats.

AIMS: The aim of this study to investigate the efficiency of propranolol on occurrence and development of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO)-induced squamous cell carcinogenesis of the tongue in rats. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The sample was composed of 27 male Sprague Dawley rats that received 50 ppm 4NQO for 20 weeks in drinking water. Group 1 (n = 9) was treated with 50 mg/kg/day propranolol for 20 weeks, Group 2 (n = 9), after carcinogenesis inducement for 20 weeks, received propranolol (50 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks and Group 3 (n = 9) received no treatment. At the end of the experimental stage, the tongue specimens were evaluated under a light microscope and categorized as low- or high-risk lesions according to a binary system. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The statistical comparison was performed with a likelihood ratio test. RESULTS: Histopathological analysis revealed the risk of malignant transformation rates as 33.3% in Group 1, 55.5% in Group 2 and 77.8% in Group 3; however, the difference between the groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of the study suggest that propranolol has a tendency to preventive effect against carcinogenesis.

Sagittal skeletal correction using symphyseal miniplate anchorage systems : Success rates and complications.

OBJECTIVES: Aim of this study is to evaluate success rates and complications related with symphyseal miniplate anchorage systems used for treatment of Class 2 and Class 3 deformities. METHODS: A total of 58 miniplates applied to 29 growing patients were evaluated. The first group comprised 24 symphyseal miniplates applied to 12 patients and Forsus Fatigue Resistant Devices were attached to the head of the miniplates for mandibular advancement. The second group consisted of 34 symphyseal miniplates applied to 17 patients and intermaxillary elastics were applied between acrylic appliances placed on the maxillary dental arch and the symphyseal miniplates for maxillary protraction. Success rate and complications of the symphyseal plate-screw anchorage system were evaluated. RESULTS: The overall success rate of symphseal miniplates was 87.9%. Six miniplates showed severe mobility and 2 miniplates broke during orthodontic treatment. Infection, miniplate mobility and mucosal hypertrophy were statistically different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Symphyseal miniplates were generally used as successful anchorage units in most patients. Infection, mobility, and mucosal hypertrophy occurred more frequently in Class 2 deformity correction. However, the success rates regarding the two treatment modalities were comparable.

Incidence of root canal treatment of second molars following adjacent impacted third molar extraction.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of requirement for root canal treatment of adjacent second molars following the surgical extraction of an impacted third molar. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The dental records of 6323 consecutive patients who had impacted third molars removed surgically were evaluated and the incidence of postoperative root canal treatment requirement of adjacent second molars was determined. Patients who required root canal treatment of neighboring second molars were accepted as the study group, while the remaining patients were accepted as a control group. Sex, age at the time of the operation, localization of third molar, the depth of impaction, angulation of the tooth, and the professional experience of the surgeon performing the operation were evaluated from patient records. RESULTS: The incidence of requirement of root canal treatment for second molars following a neighboring impacted third molar extraction was 0.17% (11/6323) and invariably occurred in the mandible. The mean age of the study group was found to be significantly higher than the control group (31 years vs. 23 years). The years of professional experience of the surgeons was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group. CONCLUSION: Although the incidence is minimal, iatrogenic subluxation injuries occurring during the surgical removal of impacted third molars can lead to pulpal complications and a requirement for root canal treatment of adjacent second molars.

Management of Maxillary Deformity with Segmental Osteotomy followed by Implant Insertion in ß-Thalassemia Major Patient.

AIM: The aim of this report is to present the management of the maxillary deformity and subsequent implant therapy of a case with ß-thalassemia major. BACKGROUND: ß-thalassemia is a hematologic disorder that results from the abnormality of the ß-globulin chain synthesis. The best known thalassemia-induced dentofacial problem is the maxillary enlargement, and this undesirable growth of maxilla affects not only the facial esthetics but also dental occlusion, and leads to functional deficiency. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 16-year-old female patient with ß-thalasse-mia major was referred with the complaints of severe facial deformity and malocclusion, resulting in psychosocial and functional problems for her. The dentofacial deformity was characterized by an excessive premaxillary growth both in sagittal and vertical planes. Anterior maxillary osteotomy was performed with bilateral canines extraction, and dental implants were inserted to the canine regions, following bone healing. Postoperative course was free of problems with the crown restorations in function. Recurrence has not been occurred at 6 years follow-up. CONCLUSION: With maintaining hemoglobin level over 10 gm/dl, correction of maxillary defects is stable for long-term in ß-thalassemia major patient. Implant application to these patients may lead to unforeseeable results. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Although having some difficulties, such as overbleeding and stability problems, maxillary enlargement can be treated by segmental osteotomies successfully in ß-thalassemia major patient. Implant failure frequency may be higher, but many other studies are needed for determining implant survival rate in ß-thalassemia major patients.

Comparative evaluation of simultaneous maxillary sinus floor elevation and implant placement with residual bone heights greater or less than 5 mm.

PURPOSE: Implants can be inserted simultaneously during sinus floor elevation (SFE), or 6 months later, for posterior maxillary rehabilitation. The residual bone height (RBH) is a major factor that affects the type of surgical procedure that will be performed. The aim of this study was to compare the survival rates of implants inserted during one-stage SFE with two different RBHs (< 5 mm and ≥ 5 mm). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study consisted of implants inserted into an RBH of either < 5 mm or ≥ 5 mm, and the survival of the implants was assessed according to the clinical symptoms of the patients: pain or tenderness during function (or spontaneously), mobility, depth of probing, exudation history, and radiographic bone loss at the final follow-up appointment. The survival rates of the two groups were statistically compared using the Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Fifty-nine consecutive patients (29 women and 30 men) undergoing a one-stage sinus elevation procedure simultaneously with implant insertion were included in this study. Fifty-one implants were placed in the study group (RBH: 1 to 4.9 mm), and 31 implants were placed in the control group (RBH: 5 to 8 mm). The survival rate of the implants in the study group was 94.2% at the 5.4-year follow-up and 95.8% in the control group at the 7.9-year follow-up. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of the implant survival rate (P = .785). CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that SFE with simultaneous implant placement in patients with an RBH < 5 mm can be accomplished, and that the survival rate is similar to that of the one-stage SFE protocol with an RBH of > 5 mm.

The extent of chin ptosis and lower incisor exposure changes following the osseous genioplasties.

The incision and dissection of the mentalis muscles are inevitable to access the osteotomy line during genial surgery. As the mentalis muscles elevate the central lower lip and support the lip vertically, inadvertent scarring or lengthening of these muscles may lead to lip incompetence and may increase the lower incisor exposure (LIE) that will cause an unaesthetic result. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent of lip ptosis, LIE, and other soft-tissue changes following different types of osseous genioplasty procedures.Twenty-nine patients (18 females, 11 males) were included in this study. Patients were classified into 3 groups with respect to their genial movement type as genial setback (n = 10), genial advancement (n = 10), and vertical reduction (n = 9). Preoperative and postoperative lateral cephalograms were analyzed to evaluate the horizontal and vertical soft-tissue changes of the lower lip and chin in the 3 genioplasty groups. The statistical evaluations were performed with regression analysis. The mean increase in the LIE was 1.88 mm. Lower incisor exposure and soft-tissue thickness at pogonion were increased significantly in all patients (P < 0.05). Statistically significant differences for lower lip length and vertical position of soft-tissue supramentale values were detected in patients who underwent vertical reduction genioplasty (P < 0.05). Genioplasty procedures requiring the mentalis muscle release cause a 1.88-mm increase in LIE. Vertical positional alterations of the lower lip were especially observed following the vertical reduction genioplasty. Clinician should be aware of this consequence in the course of treatment planning.